GPR40 Recombinant Rabbit mAb (S-3817-50)

GPR40, also known as Free Fatty Acid Receptor 1 (FFAR1), is a G protein-coupled receptor primarily expressed in pancreatic beta cells and enteroendocrine cells that plays a pivotal role in metabolic regulation by sensing circulating medium- and long-chain free fatty acids. Upon activation by these dietary lipids, GPR40 triggers an intracellular signaling cascade involving Gq/11 proteins, which leads to increased phospholipase C activity, elevated intracellular calcium levels, and the subsequent potentiation of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) without directly inducing insulin release in the absence of glucose. This unique mechanism makes GPR40 a highly attractive therapeutic target for type 2 diabetes, as its agonists can enhance insulin output in a glucose-dependent manner, thereby minimizing the risk of hypoglycemia, while also stimulating the release of incretin hormones like GLP-1 from intestinal L-cells to further improve glycemic control and potentially preserve beta-cell function.