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Arredondo: Last Spanish Ruler of Texas and Northeastern New SpainIn this biography of Joaqu n de Arredondo, historian Bradley Folsom brings to life one of the most influential and ruthless leaders in North American history. Arredondo (1776 1837), a Bourbon loyalist who governed Texas and the other interior provinces of northeastern New Spain during the Mexican War of Independence, contended with attacks by revolutionaries, U. S. citizens, generals who had served in Napoleon's army, pirates, and various American
In this biography of Joaqu n de Arredondo, historian Bradley Folsom brings to life one of the most influential and ruthless leaders in North American history. Arredondo (1776-1837), a Bourbon loyalist who governed Texas and the other interior provinces of northeastern New Spain during the Mexican War of Independence, contended with attacks by revolutionaries, U.S. citizens, generals who had served in Napoleon's army, pirates, and various American Indian groups, all attempting to wrest control of the region. Often resorting to violence to deal with the provinces' problems, Arredondo was for ten years the most powerful official in northeastern New Spain. Folsom's lively account shows the challenges of governing a vast and inhospitable region and provides insight into nineteenth-century military tactics and Spanish viceregal realpolitik. When Arredondo and his army--which included Arredondo's prot g , future president of Mexico Antonio L pez de Santa Anna--arrived in Nuevo Santander in 1811, they quickly suppressed a revolutionary upheaval. Arredondo went on to expel an army of revolutionaries and invaders from the United States who had taken over Texas and declared it an independent republic. In the Battle of Medina, the bloodiest battle ever fought in Texas, he crushed the insurgents and followed his victory with a purge that reduced Texas's population by half. Over the following eight years, Arredondo faced fresh challenges to Spanish sovereignty ranging from Comanche and Apache raids to continued American incursion. In response, Arredondo ignored his superiors and ordered his soldiers to terrorize those who disagreed with him. Arredondo's actions had dramatic repercussions in Texas, Mexico, and the United States. His decision to allow Moses Austin to colonize Texas with Americans would culminate in the defeat of Santa Anna in 1836, but not before Santa Anna had made good use of the lessons in brutality he had learned so well from his mentor.Binding Type: Hardcover
Publisher: University of Oklahoma Press
Published: 03/16/2017
ISBN: 9780806156972
Pages: 336
Weight: 1.30lbs
Size: 9.20h x 6.30w x 1.10d
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★★★★★ 4
Cute - change footbed please
Size: 8.5, Color: Dense Smoke
These are so comfy and fit my usually 8.5 foot great. It's the footbed of UGGs that I keep hoping they'll change. It's like our memory foam mattress - cushy and great UNTIL THE HEAT comes! Then it's a no for this hot 65 yo G'ma!
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Reviewed in the United States on May 20, 2026
★★★★★ 3
No me quedaron
Size: 8, Color: Dense Smoke
No son del # vienen más pequeños
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Reviewed in the United States on April 7, 2026
★★★★★ 5
Super fun!
Size: 8.5, Color: Red Pepper
These are so fantastic! The color is amazing! It is a bit on the tomato-red side of the color-wheel. The fit is great. They are comfortable from the 1st step. Easy to walk in.
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Reviewed in the United States on March 17, 2026
★★★★★ 5
Love them
Size: 5.5, Color: Red Pepper
I have gotten so many compliments on these shoes! They’re true to size and comfortable. Because of the material feet might sweat easier if hot but they dry quick. Quality is great and the color looks good, it’s more of a orange/red color. I got a 5.5 size
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Reviewed in the United States on May 21, 2026
★★★★★ 5
Stylist and comfortable!!!
Size: 6, Color: Red Pepper
So comfortable and well made. I’m going to get these in multiple colors.
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Reviewed in the United States on June 11, 2026